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Glossary
Applied Turbidity - the turbidity of the water that has been through the coagulation and settling processes.
Backwash Water - this is water taken from the clearwell by a pump and used to clean a filter.
Caustic - (NaOH) also called Sodium Hydroxide is a strong chemical used in the treatment process to neutralize acidity, increase alkalinity or raise the pH value.
Chlorine - (Cl) an element ordinarily existing as a greenish-yellow gas about 2.5 times as heavy as air.
Coagulants -chemicals referred to as primary coagulants or coagulant- aids.
Coagulant Aids - add density to slow settling flocs and add toughness so the floc will not break apart to aid to the filtering process.
Primary Coagulants - are used to cause particles to clump together.
PH - Expression of a basic or acid condition of a liquid. The range is from 0-14, zero being the most acid and 14 being the most alkaline. A pH of 7 ins considered to be neutral. Most natural water has a pH between 6.0 and 8.5.
Polyaluminum Chloride - the primary coagulant used by the Authority.
Polymer - a type of chemical when combined with other types of coagulants aid in binding small suspended particles to larger particles to help in the settling and filtering processes.
Post Chlorine - where the water is chlorinated to make sure to hold a residual in the distribution system.
Pre Chlorine - where the raw water is dosed with a large concentration of chlorine.
Raw Turbidity - the turbidity of the water coming to the treatment plant from the New River.
Settled Solids - is solids that have been removed from the raw water by the coagulation and settling processes.
Streaming Current - used to monitor and control coagulation by the positive and negative charges of the water.
Turbidity - the cloudy appearance of the water caused by the presence of suspended and colloidal matter.
Hydrofluosilicic Acid - (H2SiF6) a clear, fuming corrosive liquid with a pH ranging from 1 to 1.5. Used in water treatment to fluoridate drinking water.
Zinc Orthophosphate - a chemical used to coat the pipes in the distribution system to inhibit corrosion.
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